This study assesses the implementation of the humanitarian exception provisions of the Facilitation Directive and their impact on irregular migrants, along with the organisations and individuals providing assistance to them within EU member states. It maps the existing international and EU legal frameworks on people smuggling and their implementation in the national law of selected member states, assessing them against international, supranational and regional human rights instruments as well as the EU Charter. It subsequently gathers and presents data on the prosecution and conviction rates of those who have provided humanitarian assistance to irregular migrants and identifies important knowledge gaps and methodological caveats.
Drawing on primary survey data, this study also explores the material, direct and perceived effects of the Facilitation Directive from the perspective of civil society and local authorities. It identifies the practical challenges and experiences of cities and civil society arising from implementation of the Facilitation Directive and puts forward a series of policy recommendations to the European Parliament for improving and amending the Directive. The study aims at enhancing the European Parliament’s ability to make sound, evidence-based policy directed towards key stakeholders in this area and at strengthening its important role in ensuring democratic accountability at a time when the ‘Facilitators’ Package’ is under revision.
Sergio Carrera is Senior Research Fellow and Head of the Justice and Home Affairs unit at CEPS and Associate Professor, Faculty of Law, University of Maastricht. Elspeth Guild is Senior Associate Research Fellow at CEPS and Jean Monnet Professor ad personam of European Immigration Law at Radboud University Nijmegen and Queen Mary, University of London. Ana Aliverti is Assistant Professor, School of Law, University of Warwick. Jennifer Allsopp is PhD candidate in the Department of Social Policy and Intervention and Refugee Studies Centre at the University of Oxford. Maria Giovanna Manieri is Programme Officer, Platform for International Cooperation of Undocumented Migrants (PICUM). Michele LeVoy is Director, Platform for International Cooperation of Undocumented Migrants, PICUM). Mirja Gutheil and Ms Aurelie Heetman are Optimity Advisors, London.
This report was commissioned by the Civil Liberties and Justice and Home Affairs (LIBE) Committee of the European Parliament and can also be downloaded from the Parliament’s website:http://www.europarl.europa.eu/committees/en/supporting-analyses-search.html
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